Figure 2. Diet breadth calculated as Eois species turnover with Piper species using Whitakers β as a measure of hostplant specialization (closed circles). Higher values of β indicate a greater degree of specialization. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Open circles and triangles represent diet breadth of macrolepidoptera and Eois at the level of plant family. A value of 1 represents the maximum level of host specificity.