Figure 4. Results of the common-garden experiment with Polyommatus icarus originating from three different latitudes: Öland (Low=56.5° N), Stockholm (Intermediate=59.5° N) and Borgsjö (High=62.5° N). Arrows show approximate shift to a univoltine phenology. a) Mass (pupal weight), b) Larval development time, c) Growth rate calculated from the above. Bars show standard errors.