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Table 2 Comparison of the Bio Rad device and UNS modifications of the biolistic on Bombyx mori embryos
Shooting
conditions		 µg DNA/
mg of
particles 		Number
of
shootings 		Number
of positive
shootings 		Embryo
number per
shooting 		Number
of shot
embryos 		Number
of
positive
embryos 		Number
blue
spots 		Mean
number of
blue spots
per
embryo 		Percentage
of positive
embryos
Bio Rad conditions
1800 psi** 		0.5/0.5 31 20 2 62 34 142* 4.2 54.8
1100 psi 4/0.5 4 4 12-13 50 44 256* 5.8 88.0
UNS conditions
69-Ø3 nozzle		 0.5/0.5 104 85 2 208 118 604 5.1 56.7
1100 psi 4/0.5 81 76 2-3 178 148 1163 7.85 83.14
UNS conditions
69-Ø3 nozzle		 0.5/0.5 18 18 10-15 201 124 404 3.25 61.7
1800 psi 4/0.5 19 19 9-11 199 179 1793 10.01 89.9
The vector used was pBRJZ
The distance from the nozzle tip to the target area was 28 mm.
* All staining obtained with the Bio Rad method and gun was superficial and exclusively in the integument. Following the UNS modifications, staining was mainly inside the embryo body, especially with the 3 mm Ø nozzle.
** Microcarriers were shot in aqueous suspension.
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