Table 1 Test crosses for segregation of scale and eye color genes in female diheterozygous Heliothis virescens; combined results of 13 pair matings of Yyes/Dalzell98 x Yyes.

Parental Phenotype Recombinant Phenotype Yellow scale Yellow eye Green scale Green eye Yellow scale Green eye Green scale Yellow eye chi squared Observed 4551 229 249 0 Unlinked3 233.25 233.25 233.25 233.25 466**2 Linked4 466.5 466.5 0 0 121** Unlinked with lethal5 233.25 233.25 233.25 0 213** Unlinked y,yes6 466.5 233.25 233.25 0 1.43

1number of adults 2**=Significant at p <0.001 3Expected results for a model in which there are two independently assorting genes, one gene controlling yellow scales and another gene controlling yellow eyes. 4Expected results for a model in which two genes, one controlling yellow scales and another controlling yellow eyes, occupy the same chromosome. The special case of lack of recombination in female lepidopterans is discussed in the text. 5Expected results for a model in which there are two independently assorting genes, one gene controlling yellow scales and another gene controlling yellow eyes. Zygotes in one recombinant class (green scale with yellow eye) die. 6There are two independently assorting genes, y confers yellow scales only and yes confers both yellow eyes and yellow scales.